The so-called inconsistency of 2:256 and 9:29?
Saturday, July 17, 2010 at 2:22AM When looking at any piece of literature, or scripture contextually there are several things to keep in mind. Whenever Muslims or people of other faith read the Qur`an, they must not read it "faithfully". In other words, they have to read it objectively without letting their personal beliefs overcome them. The Qur`an, and other scriptural books must be read within their historical, political and social context. The composition of the texts must be taken into consideration in order to arrive at the authentic meaning(s) of the text, or scripture in this case.
Each person approaches the Qur`an differently, and with a particular intention. However, if you are a honest person then you will read it with a pure intention to understand it, regardless of what understanding you will arrive at.
Evangelised Christians often purport the argument that 9:29 and 2:256 of the Holy Qur`an is inconsistent and contradictory because in the latter God says there is no compulsion in religion while in the former it is stating the opposite. These two verses are often misused, and misunderstood.
First, let us read the verses;
Holy Qur`an 2:256
There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion. The right course has become clear from the wrong. So whoever disbelieves in Taghut and believes in Allah has grasped the most trustworthy handhold with no break in it. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing.
Holy Qur`an 9:29
Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled.
Unfortunately some evangelised Christian apologists either mistakenly or carelessly ignore the context and/or time frame of Qur`anic texts in order to play their game of "gotcha". When calling people to Islam force can not be used as a tool of "conversion" or "evangelising". Fear antics and scare tactics are not justified methods to use in order to propagate the message of Islam. Those who force Islam on non-Muslims are violating God's command and are subject to his punishment. Islam calls Muslims to engage in respectful dialogue with non-Muslims, in an attempt to reach a common platform in order to live in a harmonious and cohesive society. (Holy Qur`an 16:125, 3:64).
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When was the verses of 9:29 in the Holy Qur`an revealed?
The revelation of 9:29 was in direct reference to the betrayal of one of the tribes that were contractually bound to uphold the agreed upon treaty. When the Prophet (SAW) entered Medina he had established a covenant between all the tribes (including the Jews). The covenant gave the tribes a promise of peace, tranquillity and harmony so long as they are all truthful and do not insinuate war against one another. The Jewish tribe of Bani Quraydha broke this covenant by betrying the Muslims at the battle of Al-Ahzab. They sided with the pagan Arabs and fought against the Prophet (SAW). It was due to this that the verse 9:29 was revealed. In addition it was contextually in self-defence as Shaykh Sayyid Sabiq states;
As for fighting the Jews (People of the Scripture), they had conducted a peace pact with the Messenger after he migrated to Madinah. Soon afterwards, they betrayed the peace pact and joined forces with the pagans and the hypocrites against Muslims. They also fought against Muslims during the Battle of A`hzab , then Allah revealed…[and he cites verse 9:29] (Sayyid Sabiq,Fiqhu as-Sunnah, Vol. 3, p. 80)
Therefore we can conclude that 9:29 is not speaking about an offensive attack, rather a defensive attack, an attack repelling aggression initiated. As a result we can see that the two verses are not contradictory but rather coherent with each in light of it's history and context.
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Holy Qur`an,
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